Our guest Marit Vambheim argues that the Northern Nordics face two existential challenges: accelerating climate change and severe demographic decline, both of which threaten societal resilience and economic development.
Norway is deeply dependent on oil and gas revenues, creating a dilemma where increased European demand strengthens political and public support for fossil fuels despite the need for transition.
While Norway supplies nearly a third of Europe’s gas, Vambheim stresses that the country must urgently plan how households and the state will replace these incomes after the oil and gas era.
Local attitudes in northern Norway are divided. Communities benefiting from petroleum activity tend to support it, while others prioritize tourism, sustainability, and environmental protection.
She highlights strong resistance to land-based wind power, driven by concerns over nature preservation and the rights of Sami and other local communities who rely on the land for traditional livelihoods.
Despite Norway’s extensive hydropower, Vambheim warns that about half of its energy use is still fossil-based, meaning new renewable energy is essential to cut emissions and avoid increased energy imports.
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