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Over the past year, Russia has significantly reduced the number of artillery strikes on the front. While the enemy carried out 5,000-6,000 such attacks in 2024, that number has now dropped to 3,000. Military expert Pavel Narozhny, founder of the Reaktivnaya Pochta charity, spoke about this on Radio NV. They have a problem with artillery. We’ve been pondering why this is happening. The answer is that, firstly, they have a huge problem producing barrels for cannon artillery. It’s a fairly complex technological process. They’re searching for machine tools all over the world. They’re looking for where to buy chromium, which is needed in huge quantities for barrel production," Narozhny said. The second problem for the Russians, according to the expert, is the quantity of ammunition. He noted that Russia is trying to purchase it wherever possible. However, Russian troops are still experiencing shortages. "And thirdly, there’s the problem with personnel and specialists. We understand that when a cannon is destroyed, it’s not destroyed on its own; some of the personnel around it also perish. That’s why all three of these factors create such an interesting effect. They had problems with artillery all winter. Now, their use has increased. In winter, they typically fired 2,000-2,500 a day, but now it’s 3,000-3,500 a day. So, they’ve stepped it up, but our destruction rate has also increased," Narozhny explained. He also noted that the Defense Forces are destroying Russian artillery using both drones and their own artillery strikes on a 50/50 basis. "In reality, destroying a cannon with a drone isn’t that easy. I’m saying this based on our experience. Just because a drone hits a cannon doesn’t mean it’s destroyed. It’ll likely be damaged, but it’ll be back in service after some time of repair. But when a 155-caliber shell hits it, there’s practically nothing left to repair. It’s impossible to restore such a cannon. It’s precisely because of all these factors that we see an interesting picture in the use of Russian artillery," Narozhny noted. As a reminder, Ukraine has developed a new strategy to counter Russian artillery. Forbes journalists note that Russia has deployed thousands of systems on the front lines. It’s impractical for the defense forces to track each one. Therefore, the Ukrainian Armed Forces are targeting supply convoys carrying large quantities of artillery shells, thereby disrupting Russia’s key military operations. "Instead of searching in two-dimensional space, Ukrainian drones can focus on patrolling roads. Thus, Ukraine is increasingly targeting artillery supply vehicles, striking them up to 60 kilometers behind their defensive lines as they move along these routes," the article noted. Russian military units are typically organized around artillery as the primary combat element. Operations typically begin with concentrated artillery fire to suppress and destroy a target area. Infantry and mechanized units then advance to capture and secure the area. Artillery then advances into the newly captured area under the protection of these forces, and the cycle repeats. While Ukraine has replaced most of its artillery with attack drones, Russia uses its drones primarily to supplement artillery.
During the war, Russia lost a significant portion of its artillery to Ukrainian drone strikes. However, the Russian Federation is repairing damaged weapons and has also returned older systems to service. Their firing ranges range from 20 to 70 kilometers or more, creating a multi-layered fire network along the front line. Russian artillery is difficult to detect. Many systems are well camouflaged and concealed, and after firing, the howitzers quickly change position to avoid detection. These systems are either tracked or towed by tactical vehicles, allowing them to navigate a variety of terrain and avoid predictable routes. Furthermore, they can be dispersed across Russian-controlled territory while remaining within range of Ukrainian lines. This creates a difficult search task for Ukrainian drones, and even when detected, many Russian artillery positions are protected by anti-drone nets or soldiers with shotguns. However, to maintain fire, these systems require a constant supply of ammunition. Russia expends ammunition at a high rate, reportedly firing between 10,000 and 15,000 artillery shells per day. This ammunition is delivered by supply trucks such as the KamAZ-5350 or Ural-4320, which are only road-legal. Accordingly, it is much easier for Ukraine to attack these supply trucks than to detect the artillery installations themselves.
